경제용어(35)-Economic terminolgy with hanja(35)

경제용어(35) - 통정거래(通情去來) - Cross trade

통정거래(通情去來) - Cross trade
通(통할 통), 情(뜻 정), 去(갈 거), 來(올 래(내))

매수할 사람과 매도할 사람이 사전에 가격을 미리 정해놓고 일정시간에 주식을 서로 매매하는 것을 말한다. 통정거래는 마치 거래가 활발하게 일어나는 것처럼 보이게 하여 선의의 투자자들의 판단을 흐려 시장을 혼란시키고, 부당이익을 취하기 때문에 증권거래법상으로 이를 금지하고 있다. 

 

Cross trade - 통정거래(通情去來)

A cross trade is a practice where buy and sell orders for the same asset are offset without recording the trade on the exchange. It is an activity that is not permitted on most major exchanges.

A cross trade also occurs legitimately when a broker executes matched buy and a sell orders for the same security across different client accounts and reports them on an exchange. For example, if one client wants to sell and another wants to buy, the broker could match those two orders without sending the orders to the stock exchange to be filled but filling them as a cross trade and then reporting the transactions after the fact but in a timely manner and time-stamped with the time and price of the cross. These types of cross trades must also be executed at a price that corresponds to the prevailing market price at the time.

 

通*통할 통(辶-11, 6급)  通(tōng, tǒng)

1) 通자는 ‘(길이 서로) 통하다’(lead into)는 뜻, ‘길갈 착’(辶=辵)이 의미, 甬(용)이 발음 → 痛(아플 통). ‘미치다’(come up to) ‘왕래’(come-and-go) ‘모두’(all) 등을 나타내는 것으로 쓰인다.

2) 갈 착(辶) + [길 용(甬)→통] 속이 빈 통(甬)으로 나가(辶)면 이쪽에서 저쪽으로 ‘통하는’ 것이다. 장애물을 뚫는 것은 通이고, 목적에 이른 것은 達(달)이다. 通達(통달) 亨通(형통) 姦通(간통)

3) 쉬엄쉬엄 갈 착(辶=辵)+골목길/꽃피다/솟아오르다 용(甬) 골목길(甬)을 따라 끝없이 길이 이어져있다(辶=辵)>통하다

4) 甬 # (run through) + 辵 movement → run/*pass through*. The many extended meanings include *go back and forth* (to work, school etc.); *commute*; *attend a school*; *frequent* (a particular place); *run between two points*; *street*; *avenue*; *traffic*; *go/run through*; *pass*; *pierce*; *penetrate*; *drainage*; *ventilation* and *conduct*. Also, *cook/heat up food* 

 

情*사랑/뜻 정(心-11, 6급)  情(qíng)

1) 情자는 ‘마음씨’(nature; temper)란 뜻 ‘마음 심’(忄)이 부수이자 의미 요소, 靑(푸를 청)이 발음요소- 精(찧을 정)과 睛(눈동자 정), ‘욕망’(desire) ‘사랑’(love; affection)이란 뜻으로도 쓰임. 

2) 마음 심(忄) + [날/살 생(生)→성] 마음(心)이 젊어서(靑) 생기는 ‘사랑’. 愛情(애정) 人情(인정) 心情(심정) 情趣(정취) 

3) 마음 심(忄)+푸를 청(靑) 외부의 사물로 인하여 채색된(靑) 마음(忄)→뜻 

4) 느끼어 일어나는 마음. 정 (情)은 동양 철학 특히 유학에서는 아주 중요한 개념. 『설문』에서는 “정(情)은 사람이 얻고자 하는 것으로 심기 (心氣)의 음(陰)에 속한다”라고 표현. 

5) 青 (clean/pure) + 心 heart/emotions → pure emotion, in the form of *compassion*,*sympathy*, *pity* or *charity* → *truth*; *circumstances* (← true feelings expressing a situation exactly as it is).

 

 

去*갈 거(厶-5, 5급)  去(qù)

1) 去자는 ‘흙 토’(土)와 ‘개인 사’(厶)의 조합이 아님. 土는 성인의 모습인 ‘큰 대’(大)가 잘못 변한 것이고, 厶는 ‘움집’을 가리키는 凵(감)이 변화된 것. 집을 나서는 어른의 모습을 통하여 ‘떠나다’(leave)는 뜻을 나타냈다. ‘가다’(go) ‘버리다’(abandon) 등으로도 쓰인다.

2) 갈 거(去)자의 상형문자를 보면 큰 사람(大)의 다리 사이에 입 구(口)자가 그려져 있음. 입 구(口)자가 무었을 의미하는지는 아직도 논란이 많은데, 입 구(口)자가 구멍이나 들락날락하는 출입구(出入口)라는 뜻으로 많이 사용되기 때문에, 사람의 항문을 표시한 것으로 보임. 갈 거(去)자는 원래 버린다는 뜻이었는데, 사람의 몸속에 있는 필요 없는 것을 버린다에서, 가도록한다는 뜻이 생김

3) 土(大=뚜껑)+ 凵(버들도시락 거)→厶, 그릇(凵)을 쓰는 데는 반드시 그 뚜껑(大)을 열어서 ‘버리는’ 것이고, 또는 뚜껑이 ‘가’버려야만 되는 것이다. 음은 (거)이다.  逝去(서거) → 法(법법)

4) The relevant oracle bone form of this character is 囗 circular enclosure + 大 stand outstretched. However, the phonetic evidence suggests that 大 was originally 屰 # reverse, suggesting "reverse course and *withdraw* from a particular place" → *leave*; *go*; *pass* (away from); *disappear*→ *last* (October etc.) (← past ← pass). Also, *resign* (a post) and *divorce* (← take leave of). Recall that although the modern forms are distinct, the earliest form of 屰 is 大 written in reverse.

 

來*올 래(人-8획, 7급)  来(lái)

1) 來자는 보리의 뿌리와 줄기 그리고 이삭을 그린 것으로 ‘보리’(barley)가 본래 의미. 보리는 춘추시대에 중앙아시아로부터 중국에 들어왔다. 보리가 외국에서 들어온 식물이라서, 래(來)자가 "오다’(come)"라는 뜻으로 쓰이자 의미를 분명히 하기 위해 뿌리 모습(夂)을 추가하여(보리는 뿌리가 매우 길다) 보리 맥(麥)자를 만들어 짐. 

2) 주대(周代)에 하늘에서 ‘보리’가 ‘내려온’ 것을 상형한 글자라고 한다. 보리라는 뜻으로는 夂(치)자를 붙인 麥(맥)으로 쓰고, 來는 ‘오다’는 뜻으로만 쓰인다. 未來(미래) 來歷(내력) 往來(왕래)

3) A depiction of a barley plant, emphasizing the rows of pendent fruits of grain concealed in husks (compare 米). 夂 leg/foot pointed downward was added to yield a new character, 麥, meaning "come" → plant come from Central Asia. However, the meanings of 麥 and 來 were eventually inverted, so that 麥/ 麦 now means barley and 來/ 来 *come* → *since*; *until now*; *future*; *next/the coming* (week etc.) → *cause*; *bring about* (← come about).