경제용어(9)-Economic terminolgy with hanja(9)

경제용어(7)-가처분(假處分 - provisional disposition)

가처분(假處分): 금전채권 이외의 특정의 지급을 목적으로 하는 청구권을 보전하기 위하거나, 또는 쟁의 있는 권리관계에 관하여 임시의 지위를 정함을 목적으로 하는 재판을 말한다.

Provisional disposition (가처분/假處分) or temporary disposition means a temporary decision of a court for the following purposes. It is necessary in terms of equity especially in case where intending to avoid a significant damage on a continuing relation of right or to prevent an imminent danger, or where there exist other necessary reasons.

 

假*거짓 가(人-11, 5급)

1) 假자는 ‘거짓’(falsehood)이란 뜻을 위해 만든 글자 ‘사람 인’(人)이 의미. 叚(빌 가)는 발음, 叚의 의미인 ‘빌리다’(borrow)를 假자가 대신하기도 한다.

2) 사람 인(亻) + [빌릴 가(叚)] 사람(亻)이 임시로 빌린(叚)것은 진짜로 제것이 아니라 ‘거짓’으로 소유한 것이다. 사람(亻)이 말만 해서(爲) 속이는 것은 僞(거짓위)다. 假裝(가장) 假想(가상) 假說(가설)

3) 사람 인(亻)+빌릴 가(叚)  사람(亻)이 실제와 다른 것을 빌려서(叚) 말한다>거짓

4) 叚 # false + 人: *false*; *deceptive*; *artificial*; *fake* → *temporary*; *provisional* (← false condition that is only temporary) → *lend*; *borrow* (← temporary loan as opposed to a permanent gift/grant). *Leisure* is a borrowed meaning, via 暇. Here, 人 has no semantic function, being used simply to create a derivative character emphasizing the "false" rather than the "conceal" aspect of overlaying the body with a garment, the original sense of 叚.

 

處*곳 처(虍-11, 5급)

1) 處자의 원형은 머리에 가죽 관을 쓰고 사람이 등 받침이 없는 의자[几․궤]에 앉아서 쉬고 있는 모습을 본뜬 것‘(일손을 멈추고) 쉬다’(rest)가 본래 의미, ‘멈추다’(cease) ‘머무르다’(stay) ‘위치하다’(be situated) ‘분별하다’(discriminate) 등으로 확대 사용.

2) 천천히 걸을 쇠(夊) + 안석 궤(几) + [범 호(虍)→처] 초기의 상형문자를 보면 집 (宀→几) 안에 발(夊)이 들어 있는 모습. 즉 집 안에 있다는 의미로 만들어진 글자. 나중에 소리를 나타내는 범 호(虍)자가 추가 되면서, 발(夊)이 집 (宀→几) 밖으로 나옴. 

3) 虍(범호)+夊(천천히걸을쇠)+几(안석궤), 걸어가다(夊)가 앉아 기대(几)서 머물러 있는 것인데 범(虍)처럼 유력하게 ‘사는 곳’도 뜻한다. 處所(처소) 處方(처방) 處置(처치) 處世(처세)

4) 범 호(虎)+안석 궤(几)+뒤져올 치(夂) 호랑이(虎)가 천천히 걷다가(夂) 앉은 자리(几)>곳

5) 夂 leg/foot pointed downward + 几 # desk/table → stop and rest on/against a desk, chair, or other furniture (compare 居) → *place*; *point in time* (place an object where it belongs). Later, 虍 tiger was appended to suggest the pronunciation, but the present form reverts to the original.

分*나눌 분(刀-4, 5급)  

1) 分자는 ‘나누다’(divide)는 뜻을 나타내기 위해서 ‘八’과 ‘刀’를 합쳐 놓은 것이다. 이 경우의 ‘八’은 ‘8’이 아니라 칼[刀]로 나누어 놓은 ‘두 동강’의 물체. ‘분별하다’(distinguish) ‘분수’(one’s status) ‘직분’(one’s duty) ‘몫’( share) 등을 나타내는 것으로도 쓰인다.  

2) 八(쪼갤팔)+刀(칼도), 칼(刀)로 쪼개(八)서 ‘나누는’ 것이다. 인간은 누구나 하늘에서 나누어준 天分(천분)과 사회에서 나누어준 職分(직분)이 있다. 일 등을 나누어 맡는 것은 분담(分擔), 분열(分列)은 각각 갈라져서 늘어서는 것. 분열(分裂)은 찢어져 나눔. 분외(分外)는 ‘제 분수 이상’의 뜻. 

3) 八 # split right and left + 刀 sword/knife → split/*divide* an object, causing it to spread →*branch/split off*; *separate*; *portion*; *share*; *minute*; *counter* (for portions of a whole);*responsibility* (matching one's position) → *distinction*; *know*; *understand* (← know and distinguish through division) → *turn out/prove to be*.  

4) To divide in half(八) with a knife (刀).  A ‘minute’ is a division of time, a ‘point’ is a division of grades or levels, and ‘fen’ is the smallest denomination of Chinese currency. (1分 = 1/100元 = 1/10角)